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Martin Scorsese Masterclass in Cannes

 

 

 

The Shared Palme d’Or

by Marc Rickenbach

 

The 64th edition of the Cannes International Film Festival opened with Woody Allen’s new film Midnight in Paris. The American
filmmaker, who has been honored by the festival in the past, is famously
known to keep his films out of any competition and often does not show
up, even if nominated. To some this might appear as a slight against
those who wish to celebrate his work, but Allen simply does not feel
that films, or any art for that matter, should be in competition. In
many ways, it’s hard not to agree.

What is great about Cannes, and other festivals like it, is that it
more closely resembles a true celebration of film. Award ceremonies like
the Oscars or the Césars, have often been regarded as the industry’s
way of self-congratulation. It’s rare that we are surprised by the
nominated films, and over the years this has lead to a sort of sub-genre
referred to as “Oscar contender” which is usually directly related to
budgets and name-recognition. Sure, there are some surprises, such as
last year’s Winter’s Bone, when an indie cracks the top ten and
introduces mainstream audiences to a new filmmaker, but those films
rarely win.

On looking back over the history of the Palme d’Or, I noticed a few
years when the award was shared. In 1979 Apocalypse Now and The Tin Drum
were jointly awarded the top prize, and it isn’t so difficult to see
why. Both films, by filmmakers who were by no means strangers to the
jury, worked similar themes, and on re-watching both, the two are quite a
complimentary pair.

The absurdities of war are treated from two very different points of
view: the Vietnam War, vis a vis the American experience, and the Nazis’
taking of Danzig from the German-Polish point of view. What we see in
each of these films is the horrible lengths to which humans can render
themselves inhuman, in a narrative that is often uncomfortably humorous.
Take for example the ‘Ride of the Valkyries’ scene in Apocalypse Now
and the swallowing of the Nazi pin by Oskar Matzerath’s stepfather (on
which he subsequently chokes on and is shot). In essence, by awarding
both films, the jury documented the continued effects and reflections on
past wars by two different societies.

This sharing of awards happened again in 1980, 1982, 1993 and most
recently in 1997, and it begs the question: can an academy or even a
select international jury fairly award the ‘best of’ award to a single
film? Yes, the spirit of competition is what ultimately makes these
festivals intriguing to filmmakers and audiences. However, it would be
great to figure out a manner in which a festival could commend multiple
films ‘in competition’, as Cannes has in past years, for what each
brings to the current international dialogue on social and aesthetic
issues. After all, art and film are more like ongoing conversations than
debates, and generally there is no victor in art as there is no victor
in a dialogue.

----------------------------------------------

par Marc Rickenbach

La 64ème édition du Festival International de Cannes s’ouvre cette
semaine avec le nouveau film de Woody Allen Midnight in Paris. Le
réalisateur américain qui a été honoré par le festival précédemment est
bien connu pour ses habitudes de laisser ses films en dehors de toute
compétition et souvent n’apparaît pas, même si il est nominé. Certains
peuvent considérer cela comme un affront à ceux qui voudraient célébrer
son oeuvre, mais Allen tout simplement ne croit pas que les films ou
n’importe quelles oeuvres d’art puissent faire partie d’une compétition.
C’est difficile de ne pas l’accepter, pour plusieurs raisons.

Ce qui est remarquable aux Cannes et d’autres festivals comme
celui-là, ce qu’il ressemble plus à une vraie célébration du film. Les
cérémonies comme les Oscars et les Césars sont souvent considérées
comme une occasion pour l’industrie de se féliciter. C’est rare qu’on
soit étonné par les films nominés, et au cours des années ça a produit
une sorte de sous-genre qu’on appelle un ‘Candidat Oscar’ et qui est
pour la plupart des cas lié directement aux budgets et aux noms connus.
Certes, il y a parfois des surprises, comme le ‘Winter’s Bone’ de
l’année passée, quand un film indie s’introduit dans le top dix et fait
connaître un nouveau réalisateur aux audiences mainstream, mais les
films comme ça gagnent très rarement.

En rappelant l’histoire de la Palme d’Or j’ai remarqué quelques
années quand le prix était partagé. En 1979 ‘Apocalypse Now’ et ‘Le
Tambour’ ont reçu la Palme d’Or Ex-aequo, et ce n’est pas trop
difficile de comprendre pourquoi. Les deux films, par des réalisateurs
sans doute connus par le jury, ont travaillé des sujets similaires, et
en revoyant les deux, ils font une paire assez complémentaire.

Les absurdités de la guerre sont traitées de deux points de vue très
différents: la Guerre du Viêt Nam, vis à vis l’expérience américaine,
et la prise de Danzig par les Nazis du point de vue polonais-allemand.
Ce qu’on voit dans ces films, c’est le niveau d’inhumanité que peuvent
atteindre les humains, dans une narration qui est souvent
inconfortablement humoristique. Par exemple, la scène de ‘La chevauchée
des Walkyries’ dans ‘Apocalypse Now’ et celle de beau-père de Oscar
Matzerath avalant une épingle Nazi (avec laquelle il s’étouffe après et
on le tue). En fait, en partageant le prix entre les deux films, le
jury a documenté les effets continus et les réflections sur les guerres
passées par deux sociétés différentes.

Le partage des prix a eu lieu de nouveau en 1980, 1982, 1993 et plus
récemment en 1997, et cela pose la question: est-ce que une académie
ou même un jury international sélectionné peut choisir justement un
seul meilleur film? C’est vrai que l’esprit de compétition rend ces
festivals intéressants pour les réalisateurs et le public. Mais ça
serait quand même magnifique de trouver une façon pour un festival de
distinguer plusieurs films ‘en competition’, comme Cannes l’a fait dans
les dernières années, pour ce que chacun des films apporte dans le
dialogue international sur des matières sociales et esthétiques. Après
tout, l’art et le film sont plutôt une conversation continue qu’un
débat, et il n’y a généralement pas de vainqueur dans l’art comme dans
un dialogue.

 

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About ÉCU-The European Independent Film Festival

Hillier Scott
(ECU)

 

 

Scott Hillier, Founder and President of ÉCU - The European Independent Film Festival
 
Scott Hillier is a director, cinematographer, and screenwriter, based in Paris, France. In the last 20 years, Hillier has gained international recognition from his strong and incredible cinematography, editing, writing, producing and directing portfolio in both the television and film industries.  
 
Scott began his career in the television industry in Australia. In 1988, he moved to London getting a job with the BBC who then set him to Baghdad. This opportunity led him to 10 years of traveling around world for the BBC, mainly in war zones like Somalia, Bosnia, Tchetcheynia, Kashmir, and Lebanon. After a near fatal encounter with a Russian bomber in Tchechnyia, Hillier gave up his war coverage and began in a new direction. 
 

He moved to New York City in 1998.  He directed and photographed eight one-hour documentaries for National Geographic and The Discovery Channel. Based on his war knowledge and experience, Hillier wrote and directed a short film titled, “Behind the Eyes of War!" The film was awarded “Best Short Dramatic Film” at the New York Independent Film and TV Festival in 1999. From that he served as Supervising Producer and Director for the critically acclaimed CBS 42 part reality series, "The Bravest” in 2002 and wrote and directed a stage play called, "Deadman’s Mai l," which ran at Le Théâtre du Moulin de la Galette in Paris during the summer of 2004. He then became the Director of Photography on a documentary titled, “Twin Towers." This was yet another life changing experience for Hillier. The riveting documentary won an Academy Award for "Best Documentary Short Subject" in 2003. In 2004, Hillier changed continents again, spending three months in Ethiopia. He produced “Worlds Apart,” a pilot for ABC America / True Entertainment / Endemol. As you can see, Hillier was and is always in constant movement and enjoys working in a number of diverse creative areas including documentaries, music videos, commercials, feature and short films.

 
Scott studied film at New York University and The London Film and Television School. He also studied literary non-fiction writing at Columbia University. Hillier's regular clients include the BBC, Microsoft, ABC, PBS and National Geographic. Between filming assignments, he used to teach film, a Masters Degree course in Screenwriting at the Eicar International Film School in Paris, France and journalism at the Formation des Journalistes Français in Paris, France. 
 

 


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